Influence of genotype and environments on quality of winter wheat varieties in NorthernBulgaria

Abstract

According to the Bulgarian official standard, the inquiry covered sixteen types from the first and second
quality groups. The study set out to do three things: determine how much of an impact various
environmental factors have on wheat quality indices; observe how different varieties responded to
different combinations of growing conditions; and determine whether or not these varieties were able to
reach their full quality potential in these particular settings. Using the Latin square approach in 5
replications, the experiment was conducted from 2004 to 2007 at the Dobrudzha Agricultural Institute –
General Toshevo (DAI) and the Institute of Agriculture and Seed Science, Obraztsov Chiflik, Rouse
(OCH). Test weight, sedimentation value of flour, wet gluten content in grain, valorimeric value
(valorimeter, conditional units), and loaf volume were the six grain quality indices found using the
procedures used in the DAI lab. These indices provide information about different aspects of grain
quality. When looking at the variance in the quality indices of the wheat varieties that were studied, it
was discovered that the independent impact of the genotype had the least effect. Wet gluten content and
valorimetric value were the most affected by location. Character expression was most affected by year
circumstances in terms of both test weight and loaf volume. The quality group's varieties were able to
reach their full potential under more favorable circumstances than the second group's varieties overall.
The first set of varieties did better in the face of fluctuating growth circumstances than the quality
standard Pobeda, which had higher mean values. In terms of standard response, the kinds with higher
indices were distinct. Demetra and Zlatina were the most vulnerable to climate change, whilst Aglika,
Albena, and Preslav were the most hardy.